Periodontal Disease

How Common Is Gum Disease?

Gum disease is more common than most people realize. Studies show that four out of five people have periodontal disease and don’t know it because the early stages are painless and often go unnoticed.

The Link Between Periodontal Disease & Overall Health

Emerging research suggests that gum disease may contribute to serious health conditions beyond the mouth. Bacteria and inflammation associated with periodontal disease have been linked to:

• • Heart Disease & Stroke – Inflammation from gum disease may increase the risk of cardiovascular conditions.

• • Diabetes – Gum disease can make it harder to control blood sugar levels.

• • Respiratory Disease – Bacteria from infected gums may be inhaled into the lungs, worsening respiratory issues.

• • Pregnancy Complications – Pregnant women with gum disease may be at higher risk for premature birth and low birth weight.

• • Osteoporosis – Bone loss in the mouth may be linked to reduced bone density in other parts of the body.

Signs & Symptoms of Periodontal Disease

Early detection is crucial for preventing serious oral and systemic complications. Common warning signs include:

• • Bleeding gums – Healthy gums should not bleed when brushing or flossing.

• • Loose or shifting teeth – Caused by loss of bone support.

• • Persistent bad breath – Caused by bacteria trapped in deep gum pockets.

• • Receding gums – Exposing more of the tooth and creating sensitivity.

• • Pus between teeth and gums – A sign of an active infection.

• • Red, swollen, or tender gums – Inflammation is an early indicator of gum disease.

• • New spacing between teeth – Often due to progressive bone loss.

Stages of Periodontal Disease

Gum disease progresses through three main stages:

Gingivitis (Early Stage)

• • Reversible with professional cleanings and improved oral hygiene.

• • Symptoms include red, swollen, and bleeding gums but no bone loss.

Periodontitis (Moderate Stage)

• • Plaque and tartar extend below the gumline, causing bone loss.

• • Gum pockets deepen, and teeth may start to shift.

Advanced Periodontitis (Severe Stage)

• • Significant bone and tissue destruction, leading to loose teeth or tooth loss.

• • Requires intensive periodontal treatments to stabilize oral health.

How Is Periodontal Disease Diagnosed?

During your dental visit, our team will evaluate your gum health using:

• • Probing Measurements – Assessing the depth of gum pockets around teeth.

• • Digital X-Rays – Identifying bone loss due to periodontal disease.

• • Clinical Examination – Checking for bleeding, inflammation, and recession.

Treatment for Periodontal Disease

If diagnosed early, gum disease can be managed and even reversed with proper treatment. Common periodontal treatments include:

• • Professional Cleanings & Scaling – Removing plaque and tartar buildup.

• • Scaling & Root Planing (Deep Cleaning) – Smoothing the root surfaces to help gums reattach.

• • Antibacterial Therapy – Targeting harmful bacteria below the gumline.

• • Periodontal Surgery – In severe cases, surgical interventions may be needed to restore gum and bone health.

Preventing Gum Disease

Gum disease is largely preventable with proper oral hygiene and routine dental care. To reduce your risk:

• • Brush twice daily with fluoride toothpaste.

• • Floss daily to remove plaque from between teeth.

• • Use an antibacterial mouth rinse to help control bacteria.

• • Maintain a healthy diet and limit sugary or acidic foods.

• • Avoid tobacco use, as smoking significantly increases gum disease risk.

• • Schedule regular dental visits for exams and professional cleanings.

Protect Your Oral & Overall Health

At Lisa J. McDonald, DMD & Associates, we emphasize early detection and prevention to help our patients preserve their gum health and overall well-being. If you experience bleeding gums, persistent bad breath, or gum recession, don’t wait—schedule an appointment today to protect your smile and your health.